उपशीर्षक (680)
0:00Well, hello and welcome
0:01to this English lesson about
0:03bigger and smaller things.
0:05In this English lesson, we'll look
0:07at about 25 word pairs,
0:10and each one will have a word
0:12representing something bigger.
0:14Like, you see here, I have.
0:18bill in the background.
0:19So the bill would be bigger
0:21and the coins would be smaller.
0:23So in this English lesson, I will
0:26help you learn some new English
0:27vocabulary for things that,
0:30different sizes from each other.
0:32So once again, welcome
0:33to this English lesson about
0:34bigger and smaller things.
0:40Let me make these a little
0:45So these are two things that we use
0:49To build a, building.
0:51In Canada, we sometimes build
0:53our buildings out of wood.
0:54And then the outside of
0:56the building might also have brick
0:58or block, or the building will
1:00simply be made out of block.
1:03So if you look on the far side,
1:05we often call that a cement block.
1:08Jen and I have a few cement
1:09blocks on the farm that
1:11we use for other things.
1:12Sometimes it's nice to use it as
1:14a weight because it's heavy.
1:17And other times we use it to,
1:20When we put a jack down on our
1:22machinery, sometimes we put
1:23a cement block under the jack.
1:25A little bit of a complicated
1:27explanation there, but two items
1:30that you use to build a building.
1:34If you look in my English lesson
1:36videos, when you see the barn
1:37in the background is made out
1:38of block, the big cement blocks.
1:49Donut and donut hole.
1:51Now, in Canada, we, we call
1:53this little one a timbit.
1:56But in most parts of the world,
1:58they call it a doughnut hole.
1:59A doughnut is a baked treat
2:04And then they deep fry the dough,
2:05and then they'll put chocolate
2:07or another topping on top.
2:09And then one day, someone
2:11invented these little tiny
2:14called it a doughnut hole.
2:17from the hole in the donut, but it
2:19kind of looks like it is.
2:22But a donut hole is a small,
2:26It's very much just a tiny
2:28doughnut made into a ball.
2:32a donut hole is small.
2:33I think if you eat four donut
2:35holes, it's the same as one donut.
2:38And again, here in Canada,
2:40we call this little one a timbit
2:42because we buy them at a cafe or
2:45coffee shop called Tim Hortons.
2:48And then their small little
2:49ones are called Timbits.
2:51Kind of a fun and cute name.
2:56King size and normal size.
2:58So sometimes you are curious
3:00as to where I come up with
3:02the ideas for this lesson.
3:03Well, this past couple of weeks I
3:06received a lot of different kinds
3:08of chocolate as gifts because it
3:09was the Christmas season and one
3:11of them said king size on it.
3:13So king size simply means
3:15the bigger than the normal size.
3:17You can have a king size chocolate
3:19bar, you can have a king size bed.
3:22But normally when I get
3:24a chocolate bar it's like this
3:25one, the normal size.
3:27I don't often get a king
3:30So king size simply means
3:34And I think it's called king size
3:36because it's fit for a king.
3:38It's something that's bigger than
3:40what normal people would eat.
3:41So if you were a king
3:43of a country, that's the size
3:44of item you would get.
3:49tablespoon and teaspoon.
3:53If I eat soup, I use a tablespoon.
3:56If I put sugar in my tea,
4:00So they're just slightly different
4:01sizes when you compare them.
4:03If I am going to eat a bowl
4:05of cereal, I grab a tablespoon
4:07to eat my cereal with milk.
4:10Lactose free milk of course.
4:12And then if I go to put sugar
4:15I will use a teaspoon.
4:17So tablespoon, a slightly
4:19bigger spoon than a teaspoon.
4:24for measurement as well.
4:26Although when I make something
4:28and it says it needs a tablespoon
4:32like a measuring tablespoon, like
4:34a special tablespoon that's
4:36exactly 15 milliliters.
4:38And a teaspoon is a special
4:40measuring spoon that's
4:41Exactly, I think 5 ML.
4:46But there are two kinds
4:49eat with and the kind that
4:52And the same as teaspoon.
4:55I'm sure they're pretty accurate
4:57the ones that you eat with.
4:58But if you were be, if you
5:00were baking, you probably
5:02measuring ones, loaf and bun.
5:06So when you buy bread, you usually
5:08buy a loaf of bread and then you
5:10use a knife to slice the bread and
5:13then you have slices, you might
5:15buy the loaf already sliced as
5:18But if you want to just make
5:20a small sandwich or maybe you're
5:23eating a hamburger, you would just
5:24use a bun, which is actually
5:27kind of like a tiny Loaf of bread.
5:32I prefer buns with soup.
5:36When I have a bowl of soup,
5:38I will often have a bun
5:40with the bowl of soup, a bun
5:41with some butter on it.
5:43But when I make a sandwich, I'll
5:44often use fresh bread, where I
5:47will take two slices of bread
5:49and I'll put some lettuce and
5:52tomato and maybe some, some kind
5:54of meat on it in order to make a
5:57is big, a bun is small.
6:01They're both a form of bread
6:03that you eat, of course,
6:08So if it's your birthday,
6:09someone might make you a cake,
6:11they might bake you a cake.
6:13Cake is big enough that you
6:14can slice it and then people
6:18of cake or a piece of cake.
6:21On my birthday I think
6:24Actually we didn't have cake.
6:25But a cake is a common treat,
6:29that people will eat.
6:30And again, you cut the cake
6:32into different slices or pieces
6:34and you can have a slice
6:35of cake or a piece of cake.
6:36A cupcake is like a small
6:41for one person to eat.
6:43So you might say to yourself,
6:46for my birthday I'm going
6:47to buy a dozen cupcakes
6:49and everyone can have a cupcake.
6:51Or you might say, I'm going
6:53to bake a cake and then everyone
6:55can have a piece of cake.
7:02You, in your country might
7:04have coins which are small.
7:06Don't have any on my desk, do I?
7:09Which are small forms of currency.
7:11Or you might have bills
7:12which are more like a paper form
7:15of currency, although it's
7:16a lot tougher than paper.
7:18At least the bills in Canada,
7:19they don't break very easily.
7:21Here you have a five dollar bill
7:23and a one dollar coin.
7:25The bill is obviously
7:27bigger than the coin.
7:30I have to say this though, I don't
7:32use money very often anymore.
7:35Christmas, I got some
7:38Sometimes when you open a Christmas
7:40card or a birthday card, someone
7:41will put money inside as a gift.
7:44And so I've been using a little bit
7:45of money the last couple of weeks.
7:47And then it seems strange
7:49because I, I pay for almost
7:51everything now with my phone.
7:52You know, you just tap
7:53your phone, or sometimes
7:56still with my bank card.
7:58So anyways, a bill, a five dollar
8:00bill, a $10 bill is bigger
8:02than a $1 coin or a 25 cent coin
8:05or whatever your coins are.
8:09Obviously, a mountain is so high
8:12that it gets snow on the top.
8:14A hill is any part of
8:16the countryside where there
8:17is a mound or something
8:20A mountain is definitely
8:22way bigger than a hill.
8:25If you wanted to climb a mountain,
8:27you would need special equipment.
8:29You would need climbing gear.
8:31You would need, to practice
8:34climbing on smaller parts,
8:37before you climb a real mountain.
8:38But with a hill, like even this
8:40hill, you can see there's
8:42a little trail going to the top.
8:43You wouldn't need any
8:45in order to go up that hill.
8:47So a mountain is definitely many,
8:50many times bigger than a hill.
9:00When we say fresh water, we
9:01mean it's not seawater.
9:03It doesn't have salt in it.
9:05And a pond is a very small
9:09So if you see a lake and if
9:11you wanted to cross the lake,
9:13it would probably take some
9:14time to cross the lake.
9:16Although if you see a pond, you
9:18could probably walk around
9:19the pond in about 10 minutes.
9:21A pond is usually quite small.
9:23A lake will of course, have fish
9:25in it and those kinds of things.
9:27And you can probably take
9:28a motorboat on a lake.
9:31Whereas a pond is so small
9:34you might not even be able to put
9:35a canoe or small boat in it.
9:38So a lake big enough to go fishing,
9:40big enough to go boating.
9:42A pond so small that you can
9:44probably walk around it in less
9:46than 10 minutes or 5 minutes.
9:52So on the far side you see
9:53a hamburger with fries.
9:55To me, that is a, meal was
9:57to have lunch or dinner.
10:00I might sit down at a restaurant
10:02and have a hamburger with fries,
10:03and I would consider that a meal.
10:05It's enough food to make me
10:09And it's one of my main times
10:11of eating during the day.
10:13At breakfast, lunch and dinner, you
10:15might sit down and have a meal.
10:17Although I must say we
10:18usually use meal to talk
10:20about lunch or dinner.
10:21More usually we just call
10:23breakfast breakfast.
10:24I had breakfast this morning.
10:26At lunch, I had a nice meal
10:29dinnertime or suppertime.
10:33You can see close to me though,
10:35there are some crackers
10:36with looks like a slice
10:38of apple and some cheese.
10:40This would simply be a snack.
10:42This would be something you
10:43would eat between breakfast
10:46and lunch or between lunch and
10:48supper because you're a little
10:49bit hungry and you would eat
10:51that as just a little snack,
10:53just so you have a little bit
10:57Fill your Stomach a little
10:58bit before lunchtime,
11:00or supper time arrives.
11:04So a pie is a large baked item.
11:08Very common in North America,
11:09very common in Canada
11:11and in the United States.
11:13There, you can buy cherry
11:15pie or bake a cherry pie.
11:17Apple pie, blueberry pie.
11:21of different kinds of pie.
11:25But a tart is like a small pie.
11:29So just as we had cake and cupcake,
11:33we also have pie and tart.
11:35When you have a pie, you can,
11:37cut the pie into pieces and you
11:39can have a piece of pie.
11:41Oh, I'll have a piece of pie.
11:42I'll have a really big piece
11:44of apple pie, please,
11:45with some ice cream on top.
11:46Or you might just have
11:47a tart, which is just
11:49big enough for one person.
11:55bigger than the other.
11:59So when we go to town to get water,
12:03we fill our water jugs.
12:05That really big thing over there.
12:06I actually have one right
12:07beside me on the floor.
12:09We don't drink the water from our
12:11cistern because it's not that.
12:16It's not that clean.
12:18It's not the best water.
12:19So we get jugs of water from
12:21town and we don't buy our.
12:26Because, we can get water, we can
12:28fill our water jugs for free
12:31from the community water thing.
12:33But if we're on a trip, we might
12:35buy a small bottle of water,
12:37so that we have something
12:38to drink while we are, on a trip.
12:42You wouldn't take a jug
12:44That would be a little bit crazy.
12:49When you read a book,
12:50it's about this thick.
12:51You sit in a chair, you read
12:53the story or you read
12:54about whatever the is about.
12:56But sometimes when you buy a piece
12:58of furniture, you get a booklet,
13:00which is a very, very thin book.
13:03It might only have six
13:04or eight pages in it.
13:06When you buy furniture from ikea,
13:09there's often an instruction
13:11booklet, a small, tiny, tiny
13:14book that tells you how
13:16to put the furniture together.
13:18But a book is something you
13:20would get from the library.
13:22by an author, and hopefully it has
13:24an amazing story in it.
13:26Booklet is just something small.
13:27When you buy a TV or a piece
13:29of furniture, there will often be
13:31an instruction booklet with
13:33it that tells you how
13:35to use that item store and kiosk.
13:39So a store is an entire building,
13:44inside of a building.
13:46That didn't really make sense.
13:47When you go to the mall.
13:49There are lots of big
13:50stores that have walls.
13:52When you go to town, there might be
13:54stores that are actual buildings,
13:55but a kiosk is just a little,
13:59little shop like this in the mall.
14:01The kiosk is usually
14:03in the middle of the place where
14:05you walk and then there's
14:06stores along the side.
14:09But a kiosk is a really
14:12If you need to buy candy or
14:14something simple, a store usually
14:16is bigger and has far more items.
14:22So we often call that a,
14:24camper trailer or a camper.
14:27It's something that you hook behind
14:29your car or your truck and you
14:31will pull it to the campground.
14:32So you will hook it up
14:34to your car or truck and then
14:36A tent is of course, simply
14:39usually canvas or nylon.
14:42And it's something that folds
14:43up and you can put it in a bag,
14:46and then when you set it up,
14:47provides a place for you to sleep.
14:50It hopefully keeps out the rain,
14:52keeps out the insects
14:54and all those kinds of things.
14:55So a camper is like a trailer.
14:59It can also be like a motorhome,
15:01can be a camper as well,
15:03like something that drives
15:04itself that you can sleep in.
15:06But definitely a camper is
15:08bigger than a tent, more spacious
15:10than a tent, meaning
15:11it has more room inside.
15:15and rock and pebble.
15:17So we have a few comparisons here.
15:19A boulder is a really,
15:20really, really big rock.
15:22That's the best way to describe it.
15:25You can't pick it up,
15:26but you can sit on it.
15:28There are, is a place near me where
15:30people will climb on boulders.
15:33And that's where the sport
15:34of bouldering came from.
15:35That's how it got its name.
15:37So bouldering is when you climb
15:39on rocks that are so big, that you
15:42can, it takes a few minutes to get
15:44from the bottom to the top.
15:45Whereas a rock is simply something
15:49like you can pick up a rock.
15:50You can throw a rock in the water
15:52in a lake or something like that
15:54and hear it go plunk.
15:56A rock is not nearly as
15:58big as a boulder, although
15:59you could have a rock.
16:02Let me see, is a rock always
16:03something you can pick up?
16:05No, you could have a rock so big
16:07that you wouldn't be able
16:08to pick it up as well.
16:10And then of course, a rock
16:11like we just talked about.
16:13Or you can also have a pebble,
16:15which is a very, very small rock.
16:18So when you go to the beach,
16:22on the beach, but there Might also
16:24be pebbles on the beach.
16:26The pebbles might be really round
16:28and really nice, to collect.
16:31Some people like to collect pebbles
16:38So a, garden is a small area
16:42vegetables or flowers.
16:44A field is a large area
16:47where you can grow crops, or
16:49you can grow vegetables or
16:50you can grow flowers.
16:52The biggest difference is
16:54usually a field is bigger, but you
16:57also have a field to grow crops,
16:59to sell, to make money.
17:01Whereas you might just
17:02have a garden to grow
17:05So definitely the size is different
17:08and what you use it for can
17:10also be a little bit different.
17:12So a field is something
17:13a farmer would have.
17:15A garden is something
17:16that anyone could have.
17:17A lot of people will have a small
17:19garden where they grow things.
17:25I do not live in a mansion.
17:29the pronunciation here again.
17:31If you are, extremely
17:36wealthy, you might have
17:37a really, really big house.
17:39And it might be so big that
17:41you call it a mansion.
17:43My house has, two bathrooms.
17:47A mansion might have 14 bathrooms.
17:51My house has one kitchen.
17:52A mansion might have six kitchens.
17:55Mansion is of course a very,
17:57very, very big house.
17:59And then this, on this
18:01Just a normal sized place
18:03to live, where you can easily,
18:07raise a family or live,
18:09by yourself or with a partner,
18:12and have it be very easy
18:15to clean on a Saturday morning.
18:16I don't know if I would even
18:18enjoy living in a mansion because
18:20it would be too hard to clean.
18:23Uppercase lowercase so of
18:26course when you write, you use
18:28uppercase letters when you
18:30start a sentence or with
18:32formal names like Bob starts
18:33with a capital B and you use
18:36lowercase letters, for the
18:39So we sometimes say So my name
18:43starts with the uppercase B
18:45or What did I just say?
18:49Uppercase B Or Oh, I, I have
18:54to rewind this big letter B.
18:57So we have big letters
19:00You could say, that my
19:02name starts with uppercase
19:04b or with a capital B.
19:07And then all, all the rest
19:09of the letters are lowercase
19:12I have an uppercase t.
19:15You use the shift key
19:16on the keyboard to type
19:18in upper case Road and trail.
19:23So a road is obviously a place
19:25where people travel regularly to
19:27the point where it has been paved
19:30or there is gravel so that you
19:32can drive vehicles down it.
19:34So when you are on a road,
19:36you want to be careful because
19:37there are going to be
19:38cars driving back and forth.
19:41When you're on a trail,
19:42however, it's usually
19:43for walking or hiking.
19:50And you might see snowmobiles
19:52or dirt bikes, which are
19:54motorized vehicles as well.
19:57But you'll know, like, some
19:59trails will say hiking only,
20:01and other trails were, say,
20:02will say, like, careful.
20:05This trail is also used by,
20:08motorcycles or, sorry, dirt bikes.
20:11That's like a motorcycle
20:17In Canada, there are a lot
20:18of snowmobile trails.
20:21A branch and a twig.
20:22So obviously a log is a very
20:25big piece of wood from a tree.
20:28It's probably from the trunk
20:30or from a very large branch.
20:32But when I think of a log
20:34like this big around,
20:36like a log is very, very big.
20:37In the far picture, sometimes
20:39after a windstorm, branches will
20:42fall off the trees, and you will
20:44have to clean up the branches
20:46that are on the ground.
20:47So a log, usually from the trunk
20:51or it can be part of a very
20:52large branch, but definitely
20:55bigger than a branch.
20:58And then branch and twig.
21:01A twig is just a very
21:03small piece of a tree.
21:05You might even call it a stick.
21:07Although when I think twig, to me,
21:11a twig is smaller than a stick.
21:13There's a branch, and then
21:15a stick is smaller than
21:16a branch, and a twig is smaller
21:18than a stick as well.
21:21And then, of course, you can
21:23have a tree which is a large
21:25plant that grows, and you can
21:27stand under it in the shade.
21:29You can have a bush,
21:32Sometimes a bush can look like
21:33a little tree, but a, bush is
21:35usually not very big at all.
21:38So just think of it this way.
21:40You can stand under a tree,
21:42you can't stand under a bush.
21:44It's simply too small.
21:46And then we have a molecule
21:51Everything around us is made up of
21:53atoms which are very, very tiny.
21:56Like, you can have a carbon atom
21:58or an oxygen atom or a hydrogen
22:00atom, and sometimes those atoms
22:02connect to each other and they
22:03make what's called a molecule.
22:06I don't know what molecule
22:08It's just from Wikipedia.
22:10But an atom is considered
22:13the building block of everything
22:15that you see around us.
22:19a formation of atoms.
