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How to Make Transportation Quieter, Cleaner and Cheaper | Doreen Orishaba | TED - Video học tiếng Anh
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How to Make Transportation Quieter, Cleaner and Cheaper | Doreen Orishaba | TED
How to Make Transportation Quieter, Cleaner and Cheaper | Doreen Orishaba | TED
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Untertitel (206)
0:08
When you sit in your car or any car,
0:11
do you ever wonder how many parts that car is made of?
0:14
Anyone?
0:16
Oh, great.
0:18
Do you also ever wonder
0:20
what does it really take to put all this together?
0:23
Anyone?
0:25
Oh, great.
0:27
Now let me get to it.
0:29
How many of you have ever built a car from scratch?
0:34
Oh, great, good to see you.
0:37
Absolutely.
0:38
And I’m also honored to say that I have,
0:41
an electric one at that.
0:44
Growing up as a follower of four boys
0:46
earned me an early ticket
0:48
to the fascinating world of speed and cars.
0:51
There's something thrilling, something very powerful about, you know,
0:56
the vehicles, the elegance of the design,
0:59
the engineering, putting it all together.
1:02
But what really excites me the most today
1:05
is the future of mobility.
1:07
Electric mobility.
1:10
I was first introduced to the electric vehicle world
1:13
during my time as a student
1:15
at Makerere University.
1:18
Kiira Motors of Uganda
1:20
was the very first company on this continent
1:23
to dream beyond fuel.
1:28
In 2011, Kiira Motors built Africa's very first electric car.
1:34
Doesn't it look great?
1:37
And this is at a time
1:38
when the rest of Africa was not paying any attention whatsoever
1:41
to the electric vehicle space,
1:43
or even the urgency of addressing the climate crisis.
1:47
I was privileged to join this team,
1:49
and we moved on to produce Africa's very first
1:52
plug-in hybrid electric vehicle.
1:54
Would you buy that?
1:56
Audience: Yes.
1:57
Doreen Orishaba: Great.
1:58
And we also proceeded to build
2:00
Africa's first solar electric bus prototype.
2:05
(Applause)
2:08
As you can imagine, at that time,
2:10
we’re talking about more than 10 years ago,
2:14
some people used to think
2:15
maybe this electric vehicle stuff,
2:18
these are toys for the Western world.
2:20
But for us, we were driven by the vision
2:23
that Africa should contribute to the future of electric mobility
2:27
and not just be a consumer.
2:29
Electric buses are now a very prime opportunity.
2:33
Buses are the lifeline in African cities,
2:36
moving over 60 percent of the population every single day.
2:41
And public transport in most of the regions in Africa,
2:45
it's led by the private sector.
2:47
So we have electric mobility start-ups
2:50
that are driving, really, the vision of electric buses.
2:55
This is happening here in Kenya, in Rwanda, in Nigeria.
3:01
But at the end of the day, despite all these efforts,
3:05
scaling electric mobility is facing huge challenges.
3:12
Talk of range anxiety,
3:14
the high upfront cost of electric vehicles
3:17
and limited charging infrastructure
3:19
is really slowing down the adoption of electric mobility.
3:23
But these challenges are not new.
3:25
They are the same hindrances that stopped the electric vehicle
3:29
from growing in the 1890s.
3:31
However, the times are different.
3:33
We cannot afford to wait.
3:35
The planet is telling us that we need to act really soon,
3:39
and we are proving that there is a way to overcome these challenges.
3:44
I am Doreen Orishaba,
3:46
the Managing Director of BasiGo, Rwanda.
3:48
At BasiGo, we provide electric buses
3:51
as a cost-effective alternative to the diesel bus.
3:57
We started out here in Nairobi in 2022,
4:00
and we've scaled now into Rwanda
4:02
with now a total fleet of 77 buses between both countries.
4:07
And every single day,
4:08
we are enabling the commute of over 30,000 passengers between both countries.
4:14
(Applause)
4:18
Thank you.
4:19
We've built this by overcoming some of these challenges.
4:23
Number one, we are cheaper than diesel.
4:26
Electricity in both Kenya and Rwanda
4:28
is locally generated from renewables like hydro and wind.
4:33
That not only makes electricity much cheaper,
4:36
but also cleaner,
4:38
because remember that diesel is all imported here.
4:42
So electricity is cheaper, it's cleaner and it's more stable.
4:47
We design for the local needs.
4:50
Have you ever wondered what kind of specification do we need for the bus
4:54
to be deployed in any of these markets?
4:57
We do not make assumptions.
4:59
We pilot with a small fleet
5:02
and then scale based on the local needs.
5:06
We're getting an optimized battery capacities,
5:09
the suspension systems, the drive systems,
5:12
and make sure that at the end of the day,
5:14
we are using the real-life route data in order to scale.
5:19
I recall when we were doing the market survey in Rwanda,
5:23
one of the top questions that we always received was,
5:27
"Are you sure your electric bus will be able to handle Kigali's Hills?"
5:32
It's been 18 months now of our operation and that question is now history.
5:37
As you can see, the bus is able to go up that hill.
5:40
(Applause)
5:43
We equip our buses with high-torque motors for the steep inclines
5:48
and regenerative braking for the descent
5:51
to be able to harvest the energy back into the battery.
5:55
And then this boosts the efficiency of our buses
5:58
as well as minimizing the brake wear.
6:02
One thing that really excites me about our Nairobi fleet
6:06
is we are locally assembling these electric buses right here.
6:11
(Applause)
6:15
I hope each of you has had a chance to ride on the bus,
6:18
and we hope that you like it.
6:21
These buses have been built with lots of love and passion.
6:25
And you know, local assembly not only helps reduce the cost,
6:29
but we are enabling to build the critical local manufacturing capacity
6:35
on the planet
6:36
while also creating jobs.
6:39
At the end of the day,
6:40
it's going to be about, what can we all do together?
6:44
How do we handle the range anxiety?
6:47
We are building up charging infrastructure.
6:51
Let me ask you, what's your dream car?
6:53
Did you ever think about,
6:54
"Oh, now that I'm buying the car,
6:56
I also need to build a gas station for it."
6:59
Right?
7:00
No one ever thinks about that.
7:02
It should be no different for the electric vehicles.
7:05
As BasiGo, we go out and build the charging infrastructure,
7:09
we have a dedicated charging infrastructure team
7:12
that identifies and builds out the charging stations.
7:15
We handle all the permitting,
7:17
all the compliance requirements,
7:19
so that our partners do not have to do that.
7:22
And we've built stations
7:23
in strategically located places right near the bus routes.
7:28
At our stations, we're able to recharge our buses
7:30
in about one and a half to two hours,
7:33
removing this entire burden from the operators.
7:37
Think about service and maintenance.
7:39
We take this burden away from the operator as well.
7:43
You know, new technology can be intimidating, right?
7:46
Especially when there is no local available capacity
7:49
to be able to support that.
7:51
So as BasiGo, we have set up service centers in both Kenya and Rwanda,
7:56
fully equipped with trained staff, specialized tools,
8:01
as well as part inventory to minimize the downtime of these buses.
8:06
However, our biggest innovation is in the financing of these buses.
8:13
We provide the buses through a lease model
8:17
that we call Pay-As-You-Drive,
8:18
taking away the need for the operators to invest heavily at the start.
8:26
I've seen firsthand the transformation
8:29
that electric mobility is bringing to Kenya and Rwanda.
8:32
The smiles and the awe of the passengers as they experience the BasiGo bus.
8:37
A ride so quiet and yet so revolutionary.
8:40
The relief of the operators
8:42
being able to scale without being choked by the heavy bank loans.
8:48
But I'll be honest and say, is it a smooth ride?
8:52
Perhaps not.
8:53
We're experiencing different challenges,
8:57
right from product iteration to the flooding
9:00
that we recently faced here in Nairobi,
9:02
which is a direct threat to our operation
9:04
because of where our batteries are placed.
9:07
But then it's a reminder
9:08
of why we are doing this.
9:11
Climate change.
9:12
And I'll be honest and say,
9:14
at the end of the day,
9:15
we wouldn't trade those experiences for anything else.
9:18
It is what's bringing us together as a team.
9:23
Given where we are,
9:26
Africa really has the potential to be able to lead
9:31
in this electric-mobility movement across the globe.
9:37
Think about here in East Africa,
9:40
our electricity is over 90 percent renewable.
9:44
That means deploying an electric vehicle here
9:47
has much greater impact than anywhere else in the world.
9:51
One of our electric buses replacing a diesel bus
9:56
enables the mitigation of up to 50 tonnes of CO2
9:59
every single year.
10:02
That is five times more
10:03
than what the Tesla is able to mitigate in California.
10:08
And what is that speaking to?
10:11
Africa has already proven that, you know,
10:14
we are able to lead in electric vehicle mobility.
10:18
We do not have to follow the path of fossil fuel that we followed before.
10:24
We don’t have to catch up on the electric vehicle mobility movement.
10:28
We can actually lead this.
10:31
So far, we have proven that, you know, zero-carbon transport is possible.
10:35
It's viable here in Africa with the greatest environmental impact,
10:41
with greater social impact
10:43
and with no government subsidy.
10:47
(Applause)
10:52
Africa definitely has the potential to be able to lead
10:57
in some of these other sectors
10:59
that were previously stated to be out of the reach for us.
11:04
I hope you will be on board as we make this a reality.
11:08
(Swahili) Thank you.
11:09
(Applause)
