The Power To Destroy Entire Worlds! | Strip the Cosmos | Science Channel

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0:03Black holes.

0:07The most powerful objects in the

0:09universe,

0:11capable of destroying entire worlds.

0:17For decades, they have terrified us

0:23with their mystery and darkness. The

0:27reason why we call a black hole black is

0:29because light cannot be emitted from

0:32inside the black hole. It's a one-way

0:34street. It can go in, but it can't come

0:36out.

0:38>> If you're close to a black hole, they're

0:40terrifying. There's huge amounts of

0:42matter that can fall into them. This

0:43matter gets very hot. It gets torn

0:45apart. It falls into this basically

0:48infinitely deep hole in the universe

0:50itself.

0:55But there's more to black holes than

0:57chaos and destruction.

1:00>> The more we learn about black holes, the

1:01more we understand they have a real

1:03purpose in our universe. They're sort of

1:05cosmic organizers. They bring things

1:07together.

1:09>> Could new discoveries change how we see

1:12black holes?

1:14>> I definitely think it's time for an

1:15image makeover for black holes.

1:20Black holes are more than darkness.

1:29Stripping away a donut-shaped shroud of

1:31cold dust on the outside

1:39reveals a huge disc of cosmic debris

1:42spinning at millions of miles an hour.

1:46This is where the black hole feasts.

1:51Gas, dust, shattered stars, and planets

1:55all descend into the gaping mouth of the

1:58black hole. It's called the event

2:01horizon.

2:04It's a perfectly dark sphere from which

2:07no light can escape.

2:10Inside, the laws of the cosmos break

2:14down.

2:17Black holes are a place where some of

2:19the rules we think about in the universe

2:22don't apply as well as they do out here.

2:24When you're falling into a black hole,

2:25you move faster and faster and faster

2:27and you finally reach the speed of light

2:29as you pass into the black hole itself.

2:31But then what happens inside of that? We

2:34don't know.

2:35>> We are confronting something that the

2:37human brain doesn't understand. Where

2:39space and time itself break down, don't

2:41behave the way we think of them. That's

2:44going to push us to evolve, to

2:47understand the very nature of reality

2:49better.

2:52>> 30 years ago, black holes were purely

2:55theoretical,

2:57a mathematical prediction made by

2:59Einstein.

3:02But now we know

3:05they're very real.

3:08This is our galaxy, the Milky Way.

3:15stripping away its stars, planets,

3:18rocks, and dust

3:22reveals a dark secret.

3:26Lurking in the shadows is a massive

3:28black hole,

3:30Sagittarius, a star,

3:344 million times the mass of our sun and

3:37just 26,000 light years from Earth.

3:42Studying this Titan offers us a chance

3:45to understand how black holes truly

3:49work.

3:55On top of Hawaii's tallest mountain,

3:57Monaka,

3:59scientists at the Kek Observatory do

4:02just that.

4:06Astronomer James like

4:09studies Sagittarius AAR.

4:15It's so unique to have a black hole that

4:17massive that close to us because all the

4:20other ones that are that massive are so

4:22far away in other galaxies.

4:26Getting to his office requires a 14,000

4:29ft climb along a steep and winding dirt

4:32road.

4:36I've loved telescopes for a long time

4:38and these are the these are the biggest

4:40and the best. So if you want to get the

4:42finest objects in the universe, if you

4:44want to look at the finest detail, you

4:45have to come to CEK.

4:47Takes your breath away.

4:51Today, James prepares Kek's 300 ton

4:55telescope

4:57to monitor Sagittarius AAR. The

5:01telescope is going to come very close

5:02right behind me.

5:04You know, it takes a dedicated crew of

5:0620 guys to get this thing running every

5:08night of the year. It's a very complex

5:10machine.

5:13The constant movement of the Earth's

5:15atmosphere,

5:16bends light, and makes stars twinkle.

5:21This distortion stops scientists from

5:23getting a clear view of the Milky Way.

5:29But the team at KEK has cracked this

5:31problem.

5:33As night falls, James shoots a bright

5:36laser 50 miles up into the atmosphere.

5:40>> We take pictures of the return from that

5:42laser. It gets fuzzed up by the

5:44atmosphere just the same way as the

5:45natural star does.

5:47>> By altering the telescope's mirrors,

5:50James brings this beam of light into

5:52focus.

5:55This allows him to calibrate the

5:57telescope and obtain the sharpest images

5:59ever seen of objects in the Milky Way.

6:03>> It's a revolution in astronomy. This is

6:06technology that was dreamed about for

6:07years. It's a bit of a game changer and

6:10we now can see things that we never

6:11could see before.

6:13>> James and his team are making startling

6:16discoveries that are changing our

6:18understanding of how black holes work.

6:23They have detected a mysterious object

6:26close to Sagittarius A star.

6:34It's called G2,

6:37a cloud of interstellar gas which may

6:40contain a star.

6:44Its future is bleak.

6:47Scientists believe the black hole will

6:50slingshot part of the cloud into space

6:58and then gorge on the remains,

7:02growing even more massive and powerful.

7:13G2 happens to be one of the closest

7:16objects to the black hole. Anytime you

7:19get that close to that extreme of

7:22environment, you get to see new physics.

7:25You get to see fantastic things.

7:28Soon, the team will see a black hole

7:30feeding for the very first time.

7:40Sagittarius A star is 4 million times

7:44more massive than the sun,

7:48but 300 million light years away,

7:51there's a black hole 5,000 times larger.

7:57Deep inside a galaxy called NGC 4889

8:03is the biggest black hole ever found.

8:08It's so powerful it can shred super

8:11giant stars that come too close.

8:17What gives black holes the power to

8:20destroy entire worlds?

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The Power To Destroy Entire Worlds! | Strip the Cosmos | Science Channel

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