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New technology improves the identification of fallen soldiers | Vietnam Today - Video học tiếng Anh

New technology improves the identification of fallen soldiers | Vietnam Today

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0:00Staying on the search for an

0:02identification of fallen soldiers'

0:03remains, two major challenges persist

0:05for DNA identification: the severe

0:08degradation of biological samples after

0:10decades underground and the dwindling

0:12number of first-generation relatives

0:14available for reference testing.

0:16Vietnamese scientists believe

0:17next-generation gene sequencing

0:19technology is the solution. The

0:21technology is offering new hope to

0:23families and accelerating the national

0:25500-day-and-night campaign.

0:31>> For the past 15 years, DNA

0:32identification of fallen soldiers'

0:34remains has [music] relied mainly on

0:36mitochondrial DNA analysis. However, DNA

0:39fragments [music] are often highly

0:41degraded and extremely short, leaving

0:43only about 20% of samples with

0:45sufficient genetic material for

0:47successful matching.

0:50>> Vietnam faces some of the world's most

0:52challenging conditions for identifying

0:54fallen soldiers' remains. Samples are

0:56often severely degraded because of the

0:59tropical climate and rudimentary burial

1:01conditions. As a result, existing

1:04technologies cannot simply be applied

1:06without adaptation.

1:09>> The DNA analysis center under the

1:11Vietnam Academy of Science and

1:13Technology has applied next-generation

1:15sequencing technology to overcome these

1:17challenges. The new approach analyzes

1:20nuclear DNA using improved extraction

1:22techniques, specialized genetic markers,

1:25and software [music] that automates data

1:27management and matching. As a result,

1:29successful DNA extraction from bone

1:31samples [music] has increased from 22 to

1:33nearly 80%, generating high-quality

1:36genetic data for [music] further

1:37analysis.

1:40>> With this method, we can recover DNA

1:42fragments as short as 20 to 30 base

1:45pairs and sequence them individually.

1:47Analysis is no longer limited to the

1:49maternal lineage. Relatives as distant

1:52as four or five generations away can

1:54still provide reference samples for

1:56comparisons.

1:58>> Automation has further improved

1:59efficiency [music]

2:00in a pilot project in Chaling Martyrs

2:02Cemetery. Scientists successfully

2:05extracted DNA from more than 93% of 58

2:09[music] sets of remains, leading to the

2:10identification of two fallen soldiers.

2:14>> Optimizing this new technology remains

2:16one of our key priorities. We are

2:18confident it works effectively under

2:20Vietnam's conditions and is ready to be

2:23transferred to forensic laboratories

2:25nationwide.

2:28>> The technology is now being expanded to

2:30nearly [music] 1,000 unidentified graves

2:32at Zone Zing Martyrs Cemetery.