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Why the #US is racing to make #chips again after #Taiwan became the world's top manufacturer - Video học tiếng Anh

Why the #US is racing to make #chips again after #Taiwan became the world's top manufacturer

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0:01The US invented semiconductor chips in

0:04the 1950s and for a long time it

0:07dominated this industry. Intel, founded

0:10in 1968 in California, was at the

0:13forefront.

0:15It was the first to put the most

0:17important parts of a computer onto a

0:19single chip and sell it commercially.

0:23>> One result, computers that once filled

0:26rooms now occupy cabinet space.

0:30For a long time, Intel was better at

0:32making those chips than almost anyone.

0:35>> It is not every day that we introduce a

0:37new microprocessor generation. It just

0:39seems like it.

0:40>> By the 1990s, Intel had become the

0:43biggest semiconductor manufacturer in

0:45the world. But that was about to change

0:49because Intel's factories were mostly

0:51optimized for building chips for PCs.

0:55This symbol outside means you have the

0:58standard inside that an entire library

1:01of software has been written to.

1:05Behind the scenes, Apple was building

1:07what would become the biggest device in

1:10decades, the iPhone. But it needed

1:14different chips. In the mid200s, Apple

1:17gave Intel a shot at building them, but

1:19Intel walked away from the deal, betting

1:22on PCs instead. Right as the market was

1:25about to shift away from them, Intel was

1:29reportedly hesitant to invest in the

1:31massive factory pivot needed to make

1:34Apple's chips.

1:36It was splitting its budget between

1:38designing chips, which is super

1:40expensive, and manufacturing them, too.

1:44While many chip companies had already

1:46chosen to specialize in one or the

1:48other, most manufacturers were based in

1:51Asia, where labor was cheaper.

1:54These factories could dump their entire

1:56budgets into upgrading tools and

1:59pivoting if a chip designer in the US

2:01needed them to. So they ended up with

2:04more deals.

2:06That's how Taiwan's semiconductor

2:08manufacturing company or TSMC rose to

2:12the top. Today, chip companies turned to

2:14TSMC more than any other manufacturer,

2:17giving it control of about 70% of the

2:20foundry market. But the US government

2:22now sees this as a major geopolitical

2:26risk.