Experts from RMIT University Vietnam warn that Vietnam and other ASEAN nations are aging so rapidly they risk ‘getting old before getting rich.’ This warning matters because it signals a narrow window for economic growth before demographic pressures intensify.

According to an analysis by Associate Professor Catherine Earl and Professor Philip Taylor, Vietnam began experiencing population aging in 2015. Projections indicate it will become an aged society by around 2036 and a super‑aged society by about 2050, when over 21 % of the population will be aged 65 or older.

Vietnam has the largest gender gap in life expectancy in ASEAN, with women living about nine years longer than men, according to Associate Professor Catherine Earl. This gap highlights the need for better men’s health policies.

The same researchers note that population aging is putting pressure on labor markets and on pension coverage for informal workers. At the same time, demand for healthcare, elderly care and other support services is expected to rise sharply.

Associate Professor Catherine Earl identifies four priority actions for Vietnam: improving men’s health, developing a sustainable care economy, strengthening pension systems, and expanding access to safe, affordable housing. Implementing these measures could help older people stay healthy and connected to their communities.

If Vietnam does not act quickly on these priorities, it may face the dreaded scenario of getting old before getting rich, with serious economic and social consequences. Addressing the aging challenge now is essential for a prosperous and resilient future.